Combined steam and hot-air heater



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

w H. DENSLOW. GOMBINED STEAM AND HOT AIR HEATER.

No. 459,395.- Patented Sept; 15; 1891.

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W. H. DENSLOW. GOMBINEDSTEAM AND HOT AIR HEATER.

No. 459,395. Patented Sept. 15, 1891.

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COMBINED S TEAM AND HOT-AIR HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 459,395, dated September 15, 1891.

I Application filed February 1'7, 1890. Serial No. 340,761- (No model.) i

To aZZ whom it may concern.- Be it known that'I, WILLIAM HURBUR DENsLoW, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ulster, in the county of Bradford and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combined Steam and Hot-Air Heaters; and I do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains'to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and t0 the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to combined steam and hot-air heaters, and has for its object to utilize the products of combustion about the steam-dome, so as to obtain an increased heat at that point without the consumption of more fuel.

A further object is to generally improve the construction and efficiency of heaters of the class to which the invention relates, all of which will be hereinafter particularly described and claimed,reference being made to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, and in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of the heater with parts broken away. Fig. 2 is a side ele- Vation of the upper portion of the heater on a larger scale than Fig. 1, with parts broken away, and showing a single circulating-flue around the steam-dome. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the hot-air flue containing the radiator, showing the fine in two sliding or telescoping sections.

In the drawings, the letter A designates the outside casing of the heater, provided with door B opposite the ash-pit 0 and having the draft-regulating door or damper D. The casing is also provided with a door E, opposite a plugged opening F in the boiler, for allowing access to the boiler to clean the same, and also with a door G, opposite to an opening H in the fire-box, for the introduction of fuel. It is also provided witha steam and water gage I, communicating with the interior of the boiler, and with a diaphragmregulator J, communicating with the boiler through a pipe to and having its weighted lever 1) connected to achain 0, having one end connected to the draft-door D and the other with a draft-regulating door K, located in the combustion-exit flue, so as to automatically operate said doors to regulate the draft.

WVithin the outside casing is suitably supported the fire-box L, and on which rests the steam-boiler M, provided with the fines N, ex

tending through the upper and lower cro\vn-.

heads of the boiler. It will be observed that the fire-box or combustion-chamber is of larger diameter than the boiler above it, and it is made so for the purpose of obtaining a heating-surface greater than necessary for the capacity of the steam-boiler of the required dimensions, so as to increase the intensity of the direct heat to be transmitted to the apartment in proportion to the steam heat to be transmitted to the same or other compartment. This increase in the dimensions may be obtained in various ways; but the preferred way is by employing inwardly and upwardly inclining caps or collars 0, whose lower ends will rest in the grooves c, madein the upper edge of the fire-box, and Whose upper edge will have a groove d to receive the lower edge or flange e of the boiler or its crown-sheet.

The boiler M has a series of drop-fines P extending from it down into the fire-box.

From the upper endof the boiler I extend a converging or cone-shaped wall Q, forming a correspondingly-shaped chamber T above the boiler for the reception of the products of combustion from the combustionfiues N. The converging walls of this products-of-combustion chamber concentrate the heat at the upper portion of such chamber, and at that point I locate a steam drum or dome R, which receives steam from the steam portion of the boiler through a steam-pipe R, leading therefrom into the steam-dome. This dome, being I located at the top of the products-of-combustion chamber T, forms the top thereof and receives against its bottom the, concentrated heat of the products of combustion discharged into that chamber, and in that way the steam.

the steam in the dome,I arrange one or more fiues S around the cone-wall of the productsof-combustion chamber, the said flue being made to communicate with said chamber. The preferred arrangement is to have the lower flue S to communicate with said chamber through the pipes Z on opposite sides of the cone-shaped chamber and near the final exit-flue, and to connect this lower flue with the upper flue S by means of pipes m, leading from the rear part of the lower flue into the rear part of the upper flue, and then have the part of the flue from which the products of combustion escape into the final exit-flue U communicate with the products-of-combustion chamber through a pipe n, which will be provided with a damper 0. It will thus be seen that the products of combustion passing from the chamber beneath the steam-dome are caused to pursue a circuitous passage around the hottest part of that chamber and adjacent to the steam-dome, so that a much intenser heatis obtained and the heat in the products-of-combustion chamber thoroughly utilized at the point where the greatest ad vantage will result before it can escape.

When the fire in the furnace is first started, the damper 0 in the pipe 01. is opened, and then the smoke, instead of passing around through the combustion-fines, will mostly pass direct to the final exit-flue U, as the draft is the strongest at that point, and it is desirable in starting the fire to have such a direct es cape of the smoke. The lower flue S has an opening controlled by a plug 19 atits rear end for cleaning out the flue. If desired, the upper flue may be omitted without departing from the other features specified; but it is preferred to use the series of flues arranged as specified.

From the steam-dome R a pipe V leads to radiators in the apartments to be heated, and the water of condensation from the radiators will be brought back to the boiler through the return-pipe q. A second pipe 7' leads from the steam-dome to a radiator W, located in the hot-air flue X, which runs from the hotair chamber of the furnace to the register 5, opening into the apartment to receive the hot air, and this radiator has a return-pipe t leading to the boiler and entering the same below its water-line. It will be observed that the radiator receives its supply of steam from the steam-dome instead of direct from the boiler, and that onlythe return-pipe connects directly with the boiler. By such particular arrangement I obtain more heat from a smaller radiator and am enabled to locate the parts so as to derive the maximum advantage from each. The radiator is also of a construction to offer the least obstruction to the passage of the hot air through the flue. With that object in view 1 construct the radiator of a series of fines or pipes extending lengthwise of the hot-airflue and communicating at their forward ends next to the furnace with a head Y, formed with a central aperture u, opening into the space between the pipes and having the pipe r leading into the upper part of the head and the return-pipe 1. from the lower part. The sides of the head are also preferably formed with the depressions u for the passage of the hot air. It will also be observed that the hot-air flue is enlarged in diameter at the point where the radiator is located and has a valve 1) outside of the flue communicating with the head through a pipe to. By the construction described the hot air has a free passage through the flue and is heated just before passing through the register into the apartment.

The preferred means for supporting the radiator consists of the upright bars or rods Z, passing around the sides and bottom of the radiator at the end next to the register and up through the hot-air flue, and having chains 00 connected to their ends and to a joist or timber, while a similar chain will pass around the pipe 1" and up through the flue to a supporting-timber above. Such mode of suspension prevents any straining of any of the parts. Fresh air is admitted to the hot-air chamber through the air-duct A.

When a single flue S, instead of two flues, is used around the steam-dome, Iprefer to construct the parts as shown inFig. 3, where both the steam-dome and the flue S are located above the top of the products-of-com bustion chamber, the flue S communicating with the interior of said chamber through the pipes Z. The steam-dome, however, is brought close to the top of the products-of-combustion chamber, as shown, so as to be under the influence of the heat therefrom, and the flue extends around the wall of the steam-dome, so that the dome shall receive the benefit of the heat from ,the products of combustion passing through that flue.

When the parts are made as shown in Fig. 3, the smoke-chamber can be cast in one piece and the smoke-flue surrounding the steamdome in a separate piece and the two quickly and easily connected together.

I also prefer to make the hot-air flue containing the steamradiator in sections, as illustrated inFig. 4. When such is the case, one section, with the bars Z, is properly supported and the radiator then slid into place, so that it will rest-on the bars Z. The other end of the radiator is then suitably supported, while the other section of the hot-air flue is slipped over it and made to lap joint with the other section of the flue. After that is done the connection of pipes and of the enlarged hot-air flue with the hot-air chamber of the heater is made and the parts are in position for action. The connection of the parts is thus made simple and easy and the parts are quickly adjusted.

The construction and combination of the several parts as described form a heater possessing the several advantages enumerated in describing the construction of the several parts and producing a most efficient and satisfactory heating with the consump-' tion of the minimum of fuel for the heating capacity obtained.

IIO

Having described my invention and set forth its merits, what I claim is 1. In a combined steam and hot-air heater, the combination, with the boiler and its smokeflues and an outer casing forming a hot-air chamber, of a steam-dome located above the boiler and communicating with the steamspace thereof, a products-of-combustion chamber between said steam-dome and boiler and having the smoke-fines of the boiler opening therein, and a smoke-flue located in the hotair chamber adjacent to the steam-dome and communicating with the products-of-combustion chamber through the upper portion thereof, whereby the steam inthe dome is heated by the heat thrown off from the products-ofcombustion chamber and fromthe surrounding smoke-flue, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a combined steam and hot-air heater, the combination, with the boiler and its smokeflues, of the products-of-combustion chamber above the boiler, the steam-dome communicating with the steam-space of the boiler and located at the top of said products-of-combustion chamber, the combustion-fines arranged one above the other and around the wall to said products-of-combustion chamber, one of said fiues communicating with the other and munication, and a valve located in said pipe,

substantialiy as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In a combined steam and hot-air heater, the combination, with the boiler, the outside casing forming a hot-air chamber, the hot-air flue leading from the hot-air chamber, and a radiator located in said flue, of a steam-dome intermediate said radiator and the steamspace of said boiler and having a pipe leading direct from it to said radiator, a products-0fcombustion chamber between said dome and said boiler, whereby the steam is further heated after leaving the boiler and transmitted direct from the dome to the radiator, and a return-pipe leading from said radiator to the boiler, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM HURBUR-T DENSLOW. WVitnesses:

VINTON CooMBs, WM. G. HENDERSON. 

